Submissions

Author Guidelines

Authors must meticulously review the journal's policies and standards prior to manuscript submission and prepare the paper in accordance with the specifications outlined on this page. All manuscripts must be submitted autonomously via the online submission system. Manuscripts submitted over email or in bulk will not be accepted. Manuscripts must be composed in English, featuring a clear and succinct narrative. Non-native English authors are strongly advised to have their manuscripts reviewed by a proficient language editor. Should the text exhibit linguistic inaccuracies that hinder readability, the author will be requested to revise it. Either British or American spelling may be employed, as long as it remains consistent throughout the book. Non-standard abbreviations must be explicitly declared upon their initial usage.  Each contribution must include the following files:

Manuscript Text: This document constitutes the principal section of the paper, encompassing the title, author names, affiliations, email addresses, and ORCID identifiers. The manuscript's length varies between 4000 and 9000 words, inclusive of the bibliography.

Similarity Report: Authors must submit plagiarism verification results indicating a maximum similarity rate of 20% via the Turnitin application upon manuscript submission. This condition pertains to the criteria established by academic institutions, publications, or research organizations, stipulating that the degree of similarity in scientific work must not surpass 20%.

Authors must utilize the Microsoft Word template and comply with all rules specified within it when preparing the manuscript. Should revisions be requested for the manuscript's potential acceptance, authors must submit the revised manuscript accompanied by written responses to the comments from the editors and reviewers.

Manuscripts, supporting papers, revisions, and galley proofs of accepted manuscripts are submitted exclusively via an online submission system. We anticipate responses from authors at each stage. Occasionally, the email server may direct communications transmitted over the system to the spam folder. To ensure they don't miss manuscript status updates and other communications, authors need to regularly check their spam folders.

Manuscript Guidelines

All submitted manuscripts must be organized systematically and consist of the following sections. Authors are required to strictly adhere to the structure and writing rules outlined below to ensure clarity, consistency, and academic rigor.

Introduction

The introduction must be written in a coherent and structured manner to provide a clear background and rationale for the study. Authors should begin by analyzing the broader research context and clearly identifying the core problem addressed in the study. The problem must be relevant, researchable, and supported by recent and credible references. A preliminary solution or research direction should be introduced to frame the study.

Furthermore, the introduction should explain how the proposed solution may be implemented in practice and identify the research gap through a critical review of previous studies. The novelty of the study must be explicitly stated. Authors are also required to emphasize the urgency or importance of the research problem, outline the expected theoretical and/or practical contributions, and acknowledge general research limitations.

The introduction must conclude with clearly stated research objectives. Depending on the research design, authors should formulate explicit research questions or hypotheses to guide the study. The introduction should be concise, focused, and logically structured, serving as a gateway to the entire manuscript.

Theoretical Framework

The theoretical framework must comprehensively explain the core theories underlying each research variable or concept and serve as the conceptual foundation for the research methodology and data analysis. Theories should primarily be derived from established and authoritative sources, such as seminal books and peer-reviewed journal articles, and supported by recent theoretical developments published within the last three years.

Each variable or construct must be clearly defined and theoretically justified. Research instruments or measurement indicators must be explicitly derived from the theories discussed. The development of the theoretical framework should follow a logical structure.

Methods

The Methods section must provide sufficient detail to allow replication of the study. Authors are required to describe the research type, design, or approach; research subjects, participants, samples, or data sources (including sampling techniques); data collection techniques and instruments; validation and reliability procedures (if applicable); and data analysis techniques or research procedures.

All methodological choices must be accompanied by clear rationales and supported by relevant references.

Results

The Results section presents the findings of the study in response to the research questions or hypotheses. Results must be presented objectively and systematically and may be quantitative, qualitative, or mixed, depending on the research design.

Tables and figures should be used to summarize key results; however, the text should focus on interpreting overall patterns rather than repeating numerical values. Tables must follow the prescribed format, using 1 pt line thickness for the top and bottom borders and 0.75 pt for internal lines. Table titles must correspond directly to the data analysis techniques described in the Methods section. All tables and figures must be clearly referenced and explained in the text.

Discussion

The Discussion section must critically interpret the research findings and relate them to existing theories and previous studies. The discussion should follow the sequence of the research questions or hypotheses and avoid repetition of the results. Authors should focus on interpretation, comparison, and theoretical implications, clearly explaining similarities and differences between the current findings and prior research. The contribution of the study to the advancement of knowledge must be explicitly demonstrated.

Conclusion

The Conclusion section must summarize the key insights derived from the research without introducing new data or analysis. Conclusions should be aligned with the research objectives and findings. Authors may highlight the study’s contributions and practical or theoretical significance and provide recommendations for future research. The conclusion should be concise, consisting of one paragraph or three to five short paragraphs. Excessive repetition and speculative statements must be avoided.

References

All cited sources must be listed in the References section. Authors should prioritize reputable international journals and authoritative sources. The reference style follows APA (7th edition). Reference management software such as Mendeley, Zotero, or similar tools is recommended. All references cited in the text must appear in the reference list, and vice versa.